Acetaminophen is a fever and pain-reducing medication. It can be used in children over 2 months of age. It should be taken no more than every 4 hours and dosage is always based on weight. Too much acetaminophen can be toxic, so keep medications stored safely away from children. Both infant's and children's acetaminophen are the same medication strength and can be used interchangeably. There is also a rectal (suppository) formulation for children not tolerating the oral medication. Acetaminophen is considered safe during breastfeeding.

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which decreases pain and inflammation as well as reduces fevers in children over 6 months of age. It should be taken no more than every 6 hours and dosage is always based on weight. Too much ibuprofen can be toxic, so keep medications stored safely away from children. Infant's and children's ibuprofen are different strengths, and as such are dosed differently. Ibuprofen is considered safe during breastfeeding at typical doses.

If pain or fever-related discomfort persists despite giving one fever reducer, these two medications can be alternated every 3-4 hours. For instance, if Tylenol was given at noon and a fever is still present at 3pm, a dose of Motrin can be given. It is important to keep track of dosing to avoid overdose of either medication.

Zyrtec and Claritin are newer antihistimine medications which can combat symptoms of mild allergic reactions, itching, and hives. They cause fewer side effects than prior antihistamines and are typically non-drowsy. These medications are typically dosed daily and are based on age.

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine which can combat symptoms of mild allergic reactions, itching, and hives. It commonly causes children to be sleepy, but can also cause them to be more active or irritable. Because of potential side-effects, newer antihistamines such as Zyrtec® (cetirizine) or Claritin® (loratadine) are typically preferred when available.

Diphenhydramine can be given every 6-8 hours and is dosed based on weight. If a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction is occurring, epinephrine should always be given first and you should call 911.

We do not typically recommend cough and cold medications (Delsym®, Dimetapp®, Robitussin®, etc) because they are not very effective and can cause significant side effects. If you choose to trial one of these medications, your child should be at least 4 years of age and you should follow the directions on the packaging.